Otis, who had been in poor health for several years, died at his home in the Los Angeles foothill suburb of Altadena on Tuesday, said his manager, Terry Gould.
Otis, who was white, was born John Veliotes to Greek immigrants and grew up in a black section of Berkeley, where he said he identified far more with black culture than his own. As a teenager, he changed his name because he thought Johnny Otis sounded more black.
“As a kid, I decided that if our society dictated that one had to be black or white, I would be black,’’ he once explained.
His musical tastes clearly reflected that adopted culture and even after he became famous, his dark skin and hair often led audiences and club promoters to assume he was black like his band mates.
Otis was leading his own band in 1945 when he scored his first big hit, “Harlem Nocturne.’’ In 1950, 10 of his songs made Billboard Magazine’s R&B chart. His “Willie and the Hand Jive’’ sold more than 1.5 million copies and was covered years later by Eric Clapton.
He later wrote “Every Beat of My Heart,’’ which was a hit for Gladys Knight & the Pips.
But the influence of Otis was felt most through his ability to recognize and promote talent. He wove into his bands such diverse and legendary R&B vocalists as Etta James, Hank Ballard, Big Mama Thornton and The Robins, the latter a group that would evolve into the Coasters.
He produced Thornton’s original recording of “Hound Dog,’’ a song that would later become an even bigger hit for Elvis Presley.
“His band shows a different style on pretty much every new recording,’’ said Piero Scaruffi, author of “A History of Rock Music, 1951-2000.’’ “The reason is that Otis did not force his personality on others but worked with the personality of the others. He may not have been a great composer or performer himself, but he was an impressive conductor.’’
Otis launched his professional music career as an 18-year-old drummer for bawdy barrelhouse pianist Count Otis Matthews, although he had never played the drums until then.
Matthews instructed him to simply pound out the syncopated “shave and a haircut, six bits’’ beat that would become the backbone of early rock `n’ roll. His mastery of it soon proved his ticket to other bands and eventually to headlining his own group.
source: boston
